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AIM:To assess the clinical efficacy of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)and bandage contact lens in the pterygium excision combined with autogenous limbal stem cell transplantation(ALSCT)in treating patients with pterygium.METHODS:Random controlled clinical trial. A total of 71 patients(71 eyes)of pterygium who treated at the department of ophthalmology in Qinhuangdao Haigang Hospital between May 2021 and November 2022 were included. They were divide into three groups, including 23 eyes received pterygium excision combined with ALSCT in group A, 24 eyes that were administered with 5-FU intraoperatively and postoperatively in group B, and 24 eyes that received both bandage contact lens and 5-FU in group C. Furthermore, comfort levels at 1, 3, 7, 14d postoperatively, corneal epithelial healing at 1, 3, 7, 14d and 1mo postoperatively, treatment outcomes and complications at 3～6mo postoperatively were compared among the three groups of patients.RESULTS:The comfort levels at 1, 3 and 7d postoperatively and corneal healing at 1 and 3d postoperatively of the group C were better than those of the groups A and B. There were no statistical significant differences in the comfort levels at 14d after surgery and corneal healing at 14d and 1mo after surgery among the three groups of patients. Over a 3～6mo follow-up period, group A experienced recurrence in 3 eyes, group B had 1 recurrence, while group C had no recurrence. There were no statistically significant differences in complication rates among the three groups of patients.CONCLUSIONS: The application of 5-FU combined with bandage contact lens can enhance postoperative comfort levels, promote corneal epithelial healing, and improve the success rate in pterygium excision combined with ALSCT.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of total glucosides of paeony （TGPs） on intestinal motility， barrier function， and gut microbiota in non-obese diabetic （NOD） mice with Sjogren's syndrome （SS）. Method:Thirty NOD mice were randomly assigned into the model group （deionized water）， prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharide （FOS） group （700 mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>）， and the low- （160 mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>）， medium- （320 mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>）， and high-dose （640 mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>） TGP groups， with six mice in each group. Moreover， the BALB/c mice were employed as the normal control and administered with deionized water. The food and water intakes， number of discharged fecal particles， and fecal moisture content were observed to evaluate the effect of TGPs on intestinal motility in SS mice. The levels of <italic>D</italic>-lactate （<italic>D</italic>-Lac） content， diamine oxidase （DAO）， and junction-associated protein zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1） in mouse serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The fecal samples collected at different time points were determined by spread plate method and gas chromatography for uncovering the intestinal microbial communities and the content of short-chain fatty acids. Result:Compared with the normal group， the model group exhibited decreased food and water intakes （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， weakened intestinal propulsion （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， elevated <italic>D</italic>-Lac and DAO （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， lowered ZO-1 and SCFAs （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and reduced number of intestinal bacteria （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The comparison with the model group revealed that TGPs significantly increased the number of discharged fecal particles and fecal moisture content （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， enhanced intestinal propulsion （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， decreased serum <italic>D</italic>-Lac and DAO levels （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and up-regulated ZO-1 expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Apart from increasing the proportions of <italic>Bifidobacterium</italic> and <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> and decreasing the proportion of<italic> Enterobacter </italic>in intestinal flora （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， TGPs also accelerated the production of acetic acid and butyric acid （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:TGPs attenuate SS-mediated constipation and restore the impaired intestinal barrier function in mice by increasing fecal moisture content， boosting intestinal motility， regulating intestinal microbial communities， elevating acetic acid and butyric acid levels， and up-regulating tight junction protein expression.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the protective mechanism of ginkgolide K on cerebral focal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was associated with the amelioration of mitochondrial calcium uniporter ( MCU) or not. METHODS: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 5 big groups randomly: sham operation group, MCAO group, GK added into RR group, GK group and GK added into SM group. The MCAO rat model were established after cerebral artery ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 22 h. Zea Longa 5 score system was used to evaluate neurological deficit score; Determination of brain water content and cerebral infarction areas were determined using gravimetric method and by triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining method, respectively. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), nitric oxide (NO) were detected by Elisa. Additionally, mitochondrial[Ca2+] i concentration was estimated with the fluorescence spectrophotomete. The morphological change of the injured brains were observed by HE staining. The expression of caspase-3/8/9 protein were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with GK group, GK + RR group relieved obviously the neurological deficit score and reduced the cerebral infarction areas, brain water content, mitochondrial[Ca2+]i concentration and MDA, caspase-3/8/9 protein expression while enhance SOD activity. However, the effect of SM on the GK protective activity in MCAO rat injury was the opposite in comparison to GK + RR group. CONCLUSION: The stimulative effect of RR and the inhibitory effect of SM on the GK protection in MCAO rat had proves that the protective mechanism of GK on MCAO rat injury is associate with its down-regulation of the transport capacity of MCU, leading the attenuation of mitochondrial[Ca2+]i influx.
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Objective To prepare and characterize ginkgolide K-loaded mPEG-PLGA [poly (D,L-lactide-co-gly-colide)-block-poly (ethylene glycol)] polymer nanoparticles (GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs) and to evaluate its neuroprotective effect on the H2O2-induced PC12 cells injury in vitro. Methods The PLGA-PEG-COOH polymer was selected as carrier and double emulsion solvent evaporation technique was employed to prepare the stealth nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug load (DL) of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs were investigated by HPLC. The size distribution, zeta potential, and surface morphology of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The in vitro release of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs was examined using phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) as the releasing medium for 24 h. The H2O2-induced PC12 cells injury models was established for the investigation of the protective effect of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs on nerve cells in vitro. Results EE and DL of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs was (83.40 ± 2.85)% and (3.26 ± 0.24) mg/g, respectively. The average diameter of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs was (93.19 ± 2.77) nm and zeta potential was (-11.93 ± 1.71) mV. The cumulative rate of drug release was (90.5 ± 4.0)% after 60 h in phosphate buffer solution. GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs significantly inhibited the apoptosis of PC12 cells and the release of lactic dehydrogenase induced by H2O2. However, the protective action of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs on the H2O2-iduced PC12 cells injury was significantly weaker than that of GK. Conclusion Our results proved that GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs had a sustained release behavior in vitro and the neuroprotective effect of GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs on H2O2-induced PC12 cells, which indicates that GK-mPEG-PLGA-NPs has the prospect of application and deserves further research. Key words: ginkgolide K; mPEG-PLGA; in vitro release; in vitro neuroprotection; d
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In order to increase the solubility of essential oil in compound licorice microemulsion and improve the efficacy of the decoction for treating chronic eczema, this experiment intends to prepare the decoction into microemulsion. The essential oil was used as the oil phase of the microemulsion and the extract was used as the water phase. Then the microemulsion area and maximum ratio of water capacity was obtained by plotting pseudo-ternary phase diagram, to determine the appropriate types of surfactant and cosurfactant, and Km value-the mass ratio between surfactant and cosurfactant. With particle size and skin retention of active ingredients as the index, microemulsion prescription was optimized by D-optimal design method, to investigate the release behavior of the optimized prescription. The results showed that the microemulsion was optimal with tween-80 as the surfactant and anhydrous ethanol as the cosurfactant. When the Km value was 1, the area of the microemulsion region was largest while when the concentration of extract was 0.5 g·mL⁻¹, it had lowest effect on the particle size distribution of microemulsion. The final optimized formulation was as follows: 9.4% tween-80, 9.4% anhydrous ethanol, 1.0% peppermint oil and 80.2% 0.5 g·mL⁻¹ extract. The microemulsion prepared under these conditions had a small viscosity, good stability and high skin retention of drug; in vitro release experiment showed that microemulsion had a sustained-release effect on glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin, basically achieving the expected purpose of the project.
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To prepare pellets of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of Angelica Sinensis Radix by using the ionic crosslinking method, and the drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were used as the index to investigate the multiple factors which may impact the drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. Box-Behnken design and response surface analysis method were then taken to optimize the prescription of pellets and study the coating technology. Through the study on the release of pellets in vitro, an optimal coating technology and prescription of colon-specific pellets of Angelica Sinensis Radix SFE were selected and their colon targeting was evaluated. The optimal preparation parameters of pellets were determined as follows： 3% pectin; 4∶1 for pectin/lecithin; 4∶5 for pectin/SFE of Angelica Sinensis Radix; 4% zinc acetate solution as crosslinking agent, blending temperature 35 ℃, crosslinking temperature 35 ℃, crosslinking time 30 min; coating technology： coating material Eudragit FS 30D, 1.5% triethyl citrate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate（tween-80）, 1.2% monostearin and 15% coating weight gained. The colon-specific pellets of Angelica Sinensis Radix SFE prepared with optimized conditions were almost not released in simulated gastric fluid in 2 h, released less than 20% in simulated intestine fluid in 4 h, and released more than 90% in simulated colon fluid in 6 h, indicating that the colon-specific pellets of Angelica Sinensis Radix SFE had an excellent colon targeting property.